{"id":5324,"date":"2022-02-27T19:11:39","date_gmt":"2022-02-27T18:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/?post_type=country&#038;p=5324"},"modified":"2022-05-30T20:31:18","modified_gmt":"2022-05-30T18:31:18","slug":"syrien","status":"publish","type":"country","link":"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/en\/laender\/syrien","title":{"rendered":"SYRIA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5324\" class=\"elementor elementor-5324\" data-elementor-post-type=\"country\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb65b8b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cb65b8b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10f5741\" data-id=\"10f5741\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65734f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65734f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">CURRENT LIVING CONDITIONS IN SYRIA<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b891f15 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b891f15\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d0bdb74\" data-id=\"d0bdb74\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7df633d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"7df633d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-graduation-cap\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43b635b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43b635b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SCHOOL<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b025a8f\" data-id=\"b025a8f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c398a85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c398a85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"E650\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Overall, the illiteracy rate in Syria is around 15%. Nevertheless, the war has lasted so long that a whole generation of children has not experienced regular school education. Around 3.2 million Syrian children lack school prospects in their home country or in the country of refuge. Many girls and boys live in emergency shelters and tents. Schools were destroyed in the war.<\/p><p id=\"E663\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">In addition, children are recruited for combat missions or join armed groups out of economic need in order to support their families (source: BMZ).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-727c022 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"727c022\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cef45de\" data-id=\"cef45de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-275fb1b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"275fb1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-clinic-medical\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e0277f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e0277f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MEDICINE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0a35dac\" data-id=\"0a35dac\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6d8940 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6d8940\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"E895\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Most of the health facilities were also destroyed in the war, so that the population is dependent on aid from abroad. Around half of the hospitals in the country have been destroyed or damaged. There is also a shortage of doctors, of whom only 1.5 are available per 1,000 inhabitants. According to Aktion Deutschland hilft, life expectancy in Syria has dropped from 70 to 55 years since the war began.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f7fcd24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f7fcd24\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1bcd2cf\" data-id=\"1bcd2cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbd1580 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"fbd1580\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-water\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5989e55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5989e55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Water<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50b6dec\" data-id=\"50b6dec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f78108 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f78108\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">Safe access to drinking water has been non-existent for almost 12 million people in Syria since the war, as have sanitation and hygiene facilities (source: Oxfam Deutschland). According to BMZ, some \npeople in the country have only 5 litres of water per day at their disposal. This situation has already led to outbreaks of infectious diseases in many places and continues to pose this danger. Due to a lack of oil supplies and an unstable electricity grid, there is no continuous water supply in large parts of the country.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c86912 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c86912\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e594a9f\" data-id=\"e594a9f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff0393f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ff0393f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-utensils\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-168fef5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"168fef5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">nutrition<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-175e02d\" data-id=\"175e02d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5357c59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5357c59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">According to the World Food Programme (WFP), around 60% of the population will lack access to sufficient food in 2021. They are therefore dependent on the support of foreign NGOs. The number of people suffering from hunger has risen steadily and rapidly in recent years. Malnutrition is also prevalent throughout the refugee camps among children, women and men.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e333951 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e333951\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ca9223\" data-id=\"5ca9223\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bcde22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4bcde22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"674\" src=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie-1024x863.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2010\" alt=\"Geography\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie-1024x863.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie-300x253.png 300w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie-768x647.png 768w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie-1536x1294.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geographie.png 1874w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-23e0970\" data-id=\"23e0970\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c62777f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c62777f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">GEOGRAPHY<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0412bdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0412bdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"E262\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Syria is located in the Near East and borders Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon and Israel. In addition, the country has a coastal strip of about 212 km.Syria's geography is characterised by desert, fertile coastlines and the Jebel an-Nusariyah mountain range. In addition, the Euphrates River flows through the country for about 600 km, which enables the irrigation of important agricultural land. Nevertheless, climate change is also affecting the agricultural economy in Syria. In rainfed agriculture, important harvests have recently failed due to long periods of drought. At the same time, the country's rivers carry less and less water.<\/p><p id=\"E294\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">The Syrian coast has a Mediterranean climate with regular rainfall. Towards the interior, the environment is increasingly characterised by drought. Summers are very hot and dry, with temperatures dropping sharply at night. Winters in Syria are also very cold.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7aa6869 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7aa6869\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f7bcbf\" data-id=\"0f7bcbf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5544624 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5544624\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\" src=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte-1024x724.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2007\" alt=\"Bildung\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte-1024x724.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte-768x543.png 768w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte-1536x1086.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Geschichte.png 1846w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bea18c\" data-id=\"3bea18c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe4f1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bfe4f1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">HISTORY<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01c35ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01c35ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E308\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Syria's history is marked by foreign rule and constant unrest. In the 19th century, the country belonged to the Ottoman Empire, but then passed to the French.<\/p><p id=\"E316\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">It was not until 1946 that Syria gained complete independence from France. The French administration had previously divided the country into three states: Damascus, Aleppo and the \u201cAlawite state\u201d. The Drusenbergland and Alexandretta were designated as separate administrative districts. By 1939, all districts were united to form the state of Syria; only Alexandretta was ceded to Turkey.<\/p><p id=\"E327\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Already in the 1920s, the nationalist elite had risen up against the occupation and organised itself in the so-called \u201cNational Bloc\u201d. This was the only existing and permitted party at that time. This was followed by a Syrian draft constitution in 1928, which mainly included religious freedom for all citizens and sovereign powers for a President. However, France rejected this proposal, which resulted in strikes, election boycotts and demonstrations by the urban Syrian middle class. Afterwards, the Syrian people began to successfully rebel against the occupation, so that France capitulated in 1940. After 6 more years of French mandate administration and the bombing of Damascus by French planes, the UK, the US and the UN increased pressure on the Western Europeans to withdraw from Syria. The last French troops left the country in 1946.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f04a45c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f04a45c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">STRONG ECONOMIC GROWTH<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13bf7a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13bf7a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E364\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">In the following years, the country experienced strong economic growth, mainly due to the processing of agricultural products such as grain and cotton. However, only a small part of the population benefited from this upswing, which increased social inequality in the country. At the same time, the country was unsettled by the defeat of the Arab armies against the newly founded neighbouring country of Israel in 1948. Syria became more unstable domestically, so that, after two \nprevious coups in 1949, Colonel Adib al-Shikhekli became President and remained in office until 1954.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-01eebf8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01eebf8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36ea46d\" data-id=\"36ea46d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c4f96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"86c4f96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"688\" src=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik-1024x881.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2009\" alt=\"POLITICS\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik-1024x881.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik-300x258.png 300w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik-768x661.png 768w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik-1536x1322.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Politik.png 1884w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da4248d\" data-id=\"da4248d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-163d929 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"163d929\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">POLITICS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2a877b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2a877b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\">\n<div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\">\n<p id=\"E364\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Syria has always been politically very closely tied to the socialist states. Thus, in 1958, a group of Syrian officers travelled to Cairo to push through a union between Syria and Egypt: the United Arab Republic (UAR). However, the cooperation did not take place as the Syrians had hoped: Egyptian General Nasser intervened in the Syrian party system instead. Only the Baath Party was still allowed, which pursued (pan-)Arab nationalism. The previously existing Syrian Social Nationalist Party and the Syrian Communist Party were banned. In addition, the state intervened in the country's economic processes; unions were disempowered and land was expropriated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\">\n<div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\">\n<p id=\"E406\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">In January 1961, this was followed by the partial to total nationalisation of banks and insurance companies. The discontent of the Syrian population grew. A military coup ended the membership in the UAR in 1961 and the Syrian Arab Republic was founded \u2013 unfortunately with an unsuccessful government formation, so that another military coup followed. The subsequent rulers were from the Baath Party.<\/p>\n<p id=\"E426\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">However, internal political unrest in 1966 enabled a coup by the party left, which pursued a socialist direction for the country. Air Force Chief Hafiz al-Assad rose to the position of Defence Minister and was able to position the strong military behind him. With the help of this powerful position, he succeeded in arresting the party and state leadership and forming a new government \u2013 with himself at its head.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a2126 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60a2126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">HAFIZ AL-ASSAD 30 YEARS IN OFFICE<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bd0a01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1bd0a01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page translation-block\">Hafiz al-Assad remained in office for 30 years, drastically changing Syria's social and political structures: The army and the Baath Party worked hand in hand; political oppositions were radically suppressed and all socio-political forces, such as farmers\u2019 associations, trade unions, education and health systems, were brought into line. He continued to expand his own power and the army, filling key positions with relatives and loyal followers. The Baath Party was designated as the \u201cleading party in society and state\u201d in 1973. At the same time, Assad was popular with some groups in the 1970s \u2013 for example, because of the construction of the Euphrates Dam, which supplied many rural areas water.<\/div><\/div><div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E471\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Assad was also active in foreign policy, invading Lebanon in 1976 and supporting Iran in its war with Iraq. Syria's economic situation deteriorated sharply at the end of the 1970s, and criticism of the regime grew. From 1979, the Islamic opposition began to fight, especially against the Alawite dominance of Assad's state. The army responded with counter-attacks that cost an estimated 30,000 lives in February 1982 and largely destroyed their old city in the \u201cmassacre of Hama\u201d. Assad successfully crushed the Muslim Brotherhood with this attack and then persecuted left-wing opposition members.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E498\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">The crackdown in Hama was meant to serve as a deterrent to any criticism of the regime \u2013 successfully. Although the people of Syria continued to suffer from increasing corruption, deterioration of the economic situation and disregard for civil rights, there were no renewed attempts by opposition parties to take over. Thus, after Assad's death in 2000, his son Bashar was able to take over the presidency unchallenged.<\/p><p id=\"E508\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Bashar al-Assad initially came across as more liberal than his father, released some prisoners of war \nand agreed to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. However, his military activities in Lebanon did not stop, demonstrators in his own country continued to be imprisoned, and he rejected the stationing of United Nations observation troops on the Syrian-Lebanese border. He also officially declared Israel as an enemy of his country. At the same time, Assad drew closer to Russia, mainly through an oil production deal, and officially opposed the US as an ally of Iran and Venezuela.<\/p><p id=\"E526\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Domestically, Bashar holds several elections, which he wins with a majority without exception. The elections as well as a constitutional referendum are considered a farce by international observers.<\/p><p id=\"E533\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">The Arab Spring also arrived in Syria in 2010 and the first calls for protest were made by opposition members: for political freedom and the overthrow of the government. The Syrian National Council and the Free Syrian Army fought particularly hard. The demonstrations were violently put down. The United Nations condemned the events in Syria as human rights violations and called for an end to the civil war, although the veto powers China and Russia opposed strong language.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ad7346 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ad7346\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7ed8ef\" data-id=\"c7ed8ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3638673 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3638673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.the-helping-people.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Oekonomie-pjvbyrn2jvlvi609draddt0ornirrssipdfngl8mog.png\" title=\"Economics\" alt=\"Economics\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-39d3659\" data-id=\"39d3659\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-993d412 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"993d412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ECONOMY<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-452eee3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"452eee3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E670\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">The long war has also severely damaged the economy in the country. In addition, there are sanctions from foreign partner countries, for example in the oil business. Natural gas and oil production are the country's main sources of income.<\/p><p id=\"E677\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1\"><span id=\"E678\" class=\"qowt-font4-Arial\">The Syrian pound has lost around 70% of its value in recent years, and the inflation rate was estimated at 213% in 2013. <\/span><\/p><p id=\"E680\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1\"><span id=\"E681\" class=\"qowt-font4-Arial\">There are hardly any current figures on Syria at the moment.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d61945 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d61945\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fcf74bb\" data-id=\"fcf74bb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70d8de4\" data-id=\"70d8de4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9215e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e9215e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">WHAT THREATENS THE PEOPLE OF SYRIA?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-582c45d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"582c45d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"translation-block\">The Syrian population is threatened by the unstable political situation above all, which even international measures do not seem to be able to save. The war is eating away at the people, as well as the structures in the country. There is hardly any food and water, medical care is catastrophic, the infrastructure destroyed. Many Syrians are on the run in their own country or have already fled into neighbouring countries or even into Europe (cf. Malteser International).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87234df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87234df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e23c4ad\" data-id=\"e23c4ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e59c350\" data-id=\"e59c350\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b0b0c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b0b0c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">DIFFERENCES IN THE REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY \/ BETWEEN THE ETHNIC GROUPS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed060a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed060a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E685\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Around 17 million people live in Syria. The majority of people are of the Muslim faith, although different denominations are represented here. Among them, Sunnis form the largest part of the Muslim population with 73%, followed by Alawites with 11%. The proportion of Christian Syrians is estimated at 10-12%. Different denominations are represented here as well (cf. bpb).<\/p><\/div><\/div><div id=\"contentsContainer\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><div id=\"contents\" class=\"style-scope qowt-page\"><p id=\"E698\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">The ethnic background of the majority is Arab, but Kurds, Turkmen, Aramaeans, Assyrians and Armenians also live in the country. The largest ethnic minority of Kurds (estimated at 10-12%) lives mainly in the north and north-east of the country (source: bpb). The official language in Syria is Arabic, although Kurdish and Armenian are also often heard in everyday life.<\/p><p id=\"E723\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-1 translation-block\">Overall, the different ethnicities and religions have lived together peacefully for a long time, because they shared the same values and showed respect for each other. People tended to group themselves by income group or regional origin rather than by religion and ethnicity.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-88f982a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"88f982a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4d492e\" data-id=\"f4d492e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79ba907 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79ba907\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sources:<\/p><p id=\"E760\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-3\"><span id=\"E761\" class=\"qowt-font4-Arial\">BMZ - German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. The Syria crisis; URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmz.de\/de\/laender\/syrien\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bmz.de\/de\/laender\/syrien<\/a> (last accessed 31.01.2022)<\/span><\/p><p id=\"E764\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-3\"><span id=\"E765\">bpb - Federal Agency for Civic Education. Content; URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bpb.de\/mediathek\/178828\/syrien-die-urspruenge-der-krise\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.bpb.de\/mediathek\/178828\/syrien-die-urspruenge-der-krise<\/a> (last accessed 31.01.2022)<\/span><\/p><p id=\"E768\" class=\"x-scope qowt-word-para-3\"><span id=\"E769\">Malteser International - Order of Malta Worldwide Relief. The Situation of Displaced Persons and Refugees 2020; URL: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.malteser-international.org\/de\/hilfe-weltweit\/naher-osten\/syrien\/der-buergerkrieg-in-syrien-ein-ueberblick.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.malteser-international.org\/de\/hilfe-weltweit\/naher-osten\/syrien\/der-buergerkrieg-in-syrien-ein-ueberblick.html<\/a> (last accessed 31.01.2022)<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[1],"class_list":["post-5324","country","type-country","status-publish","hentry","category-allgemein"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Syrien - Spenden mit 100% Impact | THE-HELPING-PEOPLE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Spende f\u00fcr Menschen in Not in Syrien mit THE HELPING PEOPLE. 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